Whether you are new hot tub owner or have been enjoying your spa for many years, an air lock is something you will probably encounter at some point. It happens most frequently after a new setup or fresh fill and it is important to be able to recognize the symptoms and have some quick troubleshooting steps to try and correct the problem.
An air lock in most cases happens when you drain, clean and refill your hot tub. As the hot tub sits without water, air can collect in the plumbing and stop the jets from functioning properly. If you do have an air lock, the problem will show itself very quickly. You will turn on your spa and the motor will be running, but there will be no movement through the jets. This is because of the air trapped in the pipes, stopping the water from flowing properly.
If you have determined that you are experiencing an air lock, one method you can try to resolve the problem is the “burping” method. One thing to remember is that during a low flow issue like an air lock, the heater can be damaged very quickly. Ideally turn off the heater while purging the air or flow problem to avoid damage from overheating. The “burping” method involves removing air out of the plumbing through the jets. Start by completely opening all your jets by turning the faceplates counter-clockwise. Turn your jets on high for 10-15 seconds, then turn them off again. Turn the jets on and off again on high, increasing the runtime by 10 seconds each time, until you see air bubbles coming out of the jets. When bubbles start to appear leave jets on until bubbles are gone and the jets are working properly. If after your third on/off cycle you don’t see any bubbles, it’s time to regroup, as running the pump with low to no water can damage the pump. On some newer hot tubs and pumps, they come equipped with a bleeder valve to quickly eliminate air locks. Checking the owner manual will confirm if your model has this feature.
Ideally you will prevent an air lock before it starts, by purging the air from the line as you re-fill your spa. Stick the end of the hose into the filter well and leave all the jets open. This will fill the pump with water first, helping to remove air from the lines as the hot tub is filled. Though filling the pumping area first will cut down the air getting caught in the lines, it is not 100 percent and you may still encounter an air lock from time to time.
Air locks can be very frustrating when all you want to do is relax in your bubbly backyard oasis. However there are some steps you can take to prevent and troubleshoot an air lock if it occurs. If you are still having an issue after trying these methods, or don’t feel comfortable attempting to remove the air lock, bringing in a professional is a great idea.